Mitengo ya phwetekere ya 'Italian' yomwe imagulitsidwa m'masitolo akuluakulu aku UK ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi tomato omwe amabzalidwa ndikutengedwa ku China pogwiritsa ntchito anthu okakamiza, malinga ndi lipoti la BBC.
Kuyesa kochitidwa ndi BBC World Service kunapeza kuti zinthu 17, zambiri mwazogulitsa ku UK ndi ku Germany, zitha kukhala ndi tomato waku China.
Ena ali ndi 'Chiitaliya' m'dzina lawo monga Tesco's 'Italian Tomato Purée,' pomwe ena ali ndi 'Italian' pofotokozera, monga Asda's double concentrate yomwe imati ili ndi 'tomato wolimidwa waku Italy' ndi Waitrose's 'Essential Tomato Purée,' akudzifotokoza ngati 'tomato puree waku Italy'.
Malo ogulitsira omwe adayesedwa ndi BBC World Service amatsutsa izi.
Ku China, tomato ambiri amachokera kudera la Xinjiang, komwe kupangidwa kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndi ntchito yokakamiza ya Uyghur ndi Asilamu ena ochepa.
United Nations (UN) imadzudzula dziko la China kuzunza ndi kuzunza anthu ang'onoang'ono awa, omwe China amawaona ngati chiwopsezo chachitetezo. Dziko la China likukana kuti likukakamiza anthu kuti azigwira ntchito pa ulimi wa phwetekere ndipo yati ufulu wa ogwira ntchitowo umatetezedwa ndi malamulo. Malinga ndi BBC, dziko la China lati lipoti la UN lidachokera pa 'zabodza komanso zabodza'.
Dziko la China limapanga pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a tomato padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo dera la kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Xinjiang limadziwika kuti ndi nyengo yabwino yolimapo. Komabe, Xinjiang yakumananso ndi kuwunikiridwa padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha malipoti akupondereza ufulu wa anthu, kuphatikiza kutsekeredwa m'ndende kuyambira 2017.
Malinga ndi mabungwe omenyera ufulu wachibadwidwe, ma Uyghur opitilira miliyoni miliyoni amangidwa m'ndende zomwe dziko la China limatcha 'misasa yophunzitsiranso.' Pakhala pali ziwonetsero zosonyeza kuti omangidwa ena agwiritsidwa ntchito mokakamiza, kuphatikiza m'minda ya phwetekere ku Xinjiang.
Bungwe la BBC posachedwapa lidalankhula ndi anthu 14 omwe adanena kuti adakumana kapena adawona ntchito yokakamiza pantchito yopanga tomato m'derali zaka 16 zapitazi. M'ndende m'modzi wakale, polankhula ndi dzina lachinyengo, adati ogwira ntchito amayenera kukwaniritsa ma kilogalamu 650 tsiku lililonse, ndikulanga omwe alephera.
BBC idati: "Ndizovuta kutsimikizira maakauntiwa, koma ndi osasinthasintha, ndipo umboni womwe uli mu lipoti la UN la 2022, lomwe linanena za kuzunzidwa ndi kukakamizidwa m'ndende ku Xinjiang".
Pophatikiza zotumiza kuchokera padziko lonse lapansi, BBC idapeza momwe tomato ambiri a Xinjiang amasamutsidwira ku Europe - pa sitima kudzera ku Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan ndi ku Georgia, kuchokera komwe amatumizidwa kupita ku Italy.
Ogulitsa ena, monga Tesco ndi Rewe, adayankha poyimitsa katundu kapena kuchotsa zinthu, pomwe ena, kuphatikiza Waitrose, Morrisons, ndi Edeka, adatsutsa zomwe adapeza ndikuyesa okha, zomwe zimatsutsana ndi zomwe adanenazo. Lidl adatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito tomato waku China pachinthu chomwe chidagulitsidwa mwachidule ku Germany mu 2023 chifukwa chazovuta.
Mafunso afunsidwa okhudza momwe amapezera zinthu za Antonio Petti, kampani yayikulu yaku Italy yokonza phwetekere. Zolemba zotumizira zikuwonetsa kuti kampaniyo idalandira makg opitilira 36 miliyoni a phala la phwetekere kuchokera ku Xinjiang Guannong ndi mabungwe ake pakati pa 2020 ndi 2023. Xinjiang Guannong ndi ogulitsa kwambiri ku China, omwe amapanga gawo lalikulu la tomato padziko lapansi.
Mu 2021, imodzi mwamafakitole a gulu la Petti adagwidwa ndi apolisi ankhondo aku Italy powakayikira zachinyengo - zidanenedwa ndi atolankhani aku Italiya kuti tomato waku China ndi zina zakunja zidaperekedwa ku Italy. Patatha chaka chimodzi chiwonongekocho, mlanduwo unathetsedwa pakhoti.
Paulendo wachinsinsi ku fakitale ya Petti, mtolankhani wa BBC adajambula zithunzi zosonyeza migolo yolembedwa kuti inali ndi phala la phwetekere ku Xinjiang Guannong ya Ogasiti 2023. Petti adakana kugula kwaposachedwa kuchokera ku Xinjiang Guannong, ponena kuti kugulitsa kwake komaliza kunali mu 2020. Zogulitsa za tomato zaku China ndikuwonjezera kuwunika kwazinthu.
Kampaniyi "sinagwire ntchito yokakamiza," mneneri wa Petti adauza BBC. Komabe, kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti Bazhou Red Fruit amagawana nambala ya foni ndi Xinjiang Guannong, ndi umboni wina, kuphatikizapo kusanthula deta yotumiza, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti Bazhou ndi kampani yake ya zipolopolo.
Mneneri wa Petti anawonjezera kuti: "M'tsogolomu sitidzaitanitsa zinthu za phwetekere kuchokera ku China ndipo tithandizira kuwunika kwathu ogulitsa kuti tiwonetsetse kuti akutsatira ufulu wa anthu ndi ogwira ntchito".
Dziko la US lakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima oletsa kugulitsa kunja kwa Xinjiang, pomwe Europe ndi UK atenga njira yofewa, kulola makampani kuti azidzilamulira okha kuti awonetsetse kuti ntchito yokakamiza isagwiritsidwe ntchito pamaketani ogulitsa.
Zomwe zapezazi zikugogomezera kufunikira kwa njira zotsatirika zolimba komanso zovuta zosunga kuwonekera kwaunyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi. Pamene EU ikubweretsa malamulo okhwima okhudza anthu ogwira ntchito mokakamizidwa m'maketani ogulitsa, kudalira kwa UK pakudzilamulira kungayang'anitsidwe ndi kuwunika kowonjezereka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-05-2025