Sabata ino, bungwe la United Nations la Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), mogwirizana ndi WHO, lidasindikiza lipoti lake loyamba lapadziko lonse lapansi pankhani yachitetezo chazakudya chazinthu zopangidwa ndi cell.
Lipotili likufuna kupereka maziko olimba asayansi kuti ayambe kukhazikitsa ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito ndi machitidwe ogwira mtima kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha mapuloteni ena.
Corinna Hawkes, mkulu wa bungwe la FAO la Food Systems and Food Security Division, anati: "FAO, pamodzi ndi WHO, imathandizira mamembala ake popereka uphungu wa sayansi womwe ungakhale wothandiza kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi chitetezo cha chakudya kuti agwiritse ntchito ngati maziko oyendetsera nkhani zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha chakudya".
M’mawu ake, bungwe la FAO linanena kuti: “Zakudya zochokera m’maselo si zakudya za m’tsogolo.” Makampani oposa 100/oyamba kumene akupanga kale zakudya zochokera m’maselo zomwe zakonzeka kugulitsidwa ndipo zikuyembekezera kuvomerezedwa.
Lipotilo likuti zopanga zatsopano zazakudyazi zikugwirizana ndi "zovuta zazikulu zazakudya" zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi kufika 9.8 biliyoni mu 2050.
Monga zakudya zina zama cell zili kale m'magawo osiyanasiyana akutukuka, lipotilo likuti "ndikofunikira kuwunika moyenera mapindu omwe angabweretse, komanso zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zingachitike - kuphatikiza chitetezo cha chakudya komanso nkhawa".
Lipotilo, lotchedwa Food Safety Aspects of Cell-based Food, likuphatikizanso kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zamatchulidwe ofunikira, mfundo zamachitidwe opangira chakudya pogwiritsa ntchito ma cell, mawonekedwe apadziko lonse lapansi pamachitidwe owongolera, komanso kafukufuku wochokera ku Israel, Qatar ndi Singapore "kuwunikira magawo osiyanasiyana, kapangidwe kake ndi zochitika zozungulira machitidwe awo oyendetsera chakudya chochokera m'maselo".
Kusindikizaku kumaphatikizapo zotsatira za kukambirana kwa akatswiri otsogozedwa ndi FAO komwe kunachitika ku Singapore mu Novembala chaka chatha, pomwe chizindikiritso chokwanira cha ngozi yazakudya chinachitidwa - kuzindikira zoopsa kukhala gawo loyamba lakawuniwuni wovomerezeka wangozi.
Kuzindikiritsa ngoziyi kunakhudza magawo anayi a njira yopangira chakudya chotengera ma cell: kutulutsa ma cell, kukula ndi kupanga ma cell, kukolola ma cell, ndi kukonza chakudya. Akatswiri adavomereza kuti ngakhale zoopsa zambiri zimadziwika kale ndipo zimapezekanso m'zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi zonse, kuyang'ana kwambiri kungafunike kuyika zida zenizeni, zolowetsa, zosakaniza - kuphatikiza zomwe zingasokoneze - ndi zida zomwe zimakhala zapadera kwambiri pakupanga chakudya chopangidwa ndi ma cell.
Ngakhale FAO imanena za "zakudya zotengera ma cell," lipotilo likuvomereza kuti 'zolimidwa' ndi 'zachikhalidwe' ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani. FAO ikulimbikitsa mabungwe olamulira dziko kuti akhazikitse zilankhulo zomveka bwino komanso zofananira kuti achepetse kusamvana komwe kuli kofunikira pakulemba zilembo.
Lipotilo likuwonetsa kuti njira yoyeserera yachitetezo cha chakudya pazakudya zochokera m'maselo ndiyoyenera, ngakhale kuti ma generalizations amatha kupangidwa pakupanga, chinthu chilichonse chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito magwero osiyanasiyana a cell, ma scaffolds kapena ma microcarriers, nyimbo zama media media, kulima ndi mapangidwe amagetsi.
Ikunenanso kuti m'maiko ambiri, zakudya zokhala ndi ma cell zitha kuyesedwa mkati mwazinthu zomwe zilipo kale, kutchula zosintha za Singapore pamalamulo ake azakudya kuti aphatikizire zakudya zokhala ndi cell komanso mgwirizano waku US wokhudzana ndi zolembera ndi chitetezo pazakudya zopangidwa kuchokera ku maselo otukuka a ziweto ndi nkhuku, monga zitsanzo. Ikuwonjezera kuti USDA yanena kuti ikufuna kupanga malamulo olembera nyama ndi nkhuku zochokera ku maselo a nyama.
Malinga ndi FAO, "pakali pano pali zidziwitso zochepa komanso zambiri zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha chakudya chazakudya zokhala ndi maselo kuti zithandizire owongolera kupanga zisankho mwanzeru".
Lipotilo likunena kuti kupanga deta zambiri ndi kugawana nawo padziko lonse lapansi ndizofunikira kuti pakhale malo omasuka ndi odalirika, kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu kwabwino kwa onse ogwira nawo ntchito. Ikunenanso kuti kuyesetsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi kungapindulitse maulamuliro osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi chitetezo chazakudya, makamaka omwe ali m'maiko opeza ndalama zochepa komanso apakati, kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yozikidwa paumboni pokonzekera zofunikira zilizonse zoyenera.
Imamaliza kunena kuti kupatula chitetezo chazakudya, nkhani zina monga mawu ofotokozera, zowongolera, kadyedwe, malingaliro a ogula ndi kuvomereza (kuphatikiza kukoma ndi kukwanitsa) ndizofunikira kwambiri, ndipo mwina ndizofunikira kwambiri poyambitsa ukadaulo uwu pamsika.
Pazokambirana za akatswiri zomwe zidachitika ku Singapore kuyambira pa 1 mpaka 4 Novembala chaka chatha, FAO idapereka mwayi padziko lonse lapansi kwa akatswiri kuyambira pa 1 Epulo mpaka 15 Juni 2022, kuti apange gulu la akatswiri omwe ali ndi ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana komanso luso.
Akatswiri okwana 138 analembetsa ndipo gulu lodziyimira pawokha lidawunikidwa ndikuyika zolembazo potengera zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale - olembetsa 33 adasankhidwa. Pakati pawo, 26 adamaliza ndikusaina fomu ya 'Confidentiality Undertaking and Declaration of Interest', ndipo pambuyo powunika zokonda zonse zomwe zavumbulutsidwa, ofuna kusankhidwa omwe alibe kusagwirizana kwachidwi adalembedwa ngati akatswiri, pomwe ofuna kukhala ndi mbiri yofunikira pankhaniyi komanso zomwe zitha kuwoneka ngati kusagwirizana kwachidwi zidalembedwa ngati anthu omwe ali ndi zida.
Akatswiri a gulu laukadaulo ndi:
lAnil Kumar Anal, pulofesa, Asia Institute of Technology, Thailand
lWilliam Chen, pulofesa wopatsidwa ndi mkulu wa sayansi ya zakudya ndi zamakono, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (wachiwiri kwa mpando)
lDeepak Choudhury, wasayansi wamkulu waukadaulo wa biomanufacturing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
lSghaier Chriki, pulofesa wothandizira, Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, wofufuza, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, France (wachiwiri kwa wapampando wa gulu logwira ntchito)
lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, pulofesa wothandizira, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement and Bordeaux Sciences Agro, France
lJeremiah Fasano, mlangizi wamkulu wa ndondomeko, United States Food and Drug Administration, US (mpando)
lMukunda Goswami, principal science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, India
William Hallman, pulofesa ndi wapampando, Rutgers University, US
lGeoffrey Muriira Karau, Director Quality Assurance and Inspection, Bureau of Standards, Kenya
lMartín Alfredo Lema, biotechnologist, National University of Quilmes, Argentina (wachiwiri kwa mpando)
lReza Ovissipour, pulofesa wothandizira, Virginia Polytechnic Institute ndi State University, US
lChristopher Simuntala, senior Biosafety officer, National Biosafety Authority, Zambia
LYongning Wu, wasayansi wamkulu, National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, China
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-04-2024